111 Two LIF Neurons with STDP Learning :: Quicker, easier and cheaper to make your own chip!

How it works

This design implements a simple spiking neural network using two Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neurons connected by a spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) synapse. The system consists of:

Two LIF Neurons:

Basic integrate-and-fire dynamics with leaky integration 8-bit resolution for state and current Configurable threshold (default: 150) Slower decay rate (state >> 2) for better temporal integration First neuron receives direct current input Second neuron receives weighted input from first neuron

STDP Synapse:

Connects the two neurons with plastic weight Initial weight: 100 Potentiation: +20 when pre-spike precedes post-spike Depression: -10 when post-spike precedes pre-spike Timing window: 10 clock cycles Weight bounded between 0 and 255

Implementation Features:

Simple fixed-point arithmetic Synchronous design with clock and reset Bounded calculations to prevent overflow Modular design with separate neuron and STDP modules

How to test

he design can be tested in several ways:

Basic Functionality:

Apply current through ui_in[7:0] Monitor second neuron's state on uo_out[7:0] Observe spikes on uio_out[7:6] View synapse weight on uio_out[5:0]

Spike Generation Test:

verilogCopy// Example test sequence ui_in = 8'h60; // Apply strong current #100; // Wait for first neuron to spike ui_in = 8'h00; // Remove current #100; // Observe reset and decay

STDP Learning:

Generate regular spikes in first neuron with steady current Observe weight changes on uio_out[5:0] Monitor second neuron's response on uo_out[7:0]

External hardware

No external hardware is required for basic operation. For analysis, consider:

Logic Analyzer:

Monitor spike timing Track synaptic weight changes Verify state transitions

Signal Generator (optional):

Generate precise current injection patterns Test different input frequencies Analyze neuron response characteristics

Target Performance

The design aims to achieve:

State Resolution: 8-bit (0-255) Threshold: 150 (configurable) Weight Range: 0-255 STDP Window: 10 clock cycles Decay Rate: state >> 2 (75% retention per cycle)

Resource Usage

The implementation utilizes:

Minimal combinational logic for state updates Three 8-bit registers per neuron (state, threshold) 8-bit register for synaptic weight Two 4-bit counters for STDP timing Basic arithmetic operations (addition, multiplication, shift)

Future Improvements

Possible enhancements: 1.Multiple neurons with configurable connectivity 2.Variable thresholds and decay rates 3.More sophisticated STDP rules 4.Inhibitory connections 5.Configurable timing windows 6.Additional input/output neurons 7.Parameter runtime configurability 8.More complex neural dynamics (e.g., adaptive thresholds)

#	Input	Output	Bidirectional
0	Input current bit 0 (LSB)	Neuron 2 state bit 0 (LSB)	Synapse weight bit 0 (LSB)
1	Input current bit 1	Neuron 2 state bit 1	Synapse weight bit 1
2	Input current bit 2	Neuron 2 state bit 2	Synapse weight bit 2
3	Input current bit 3	Neuron 2 state bit 3	Synapse weight bit 3
4	Input current bit 4	Neuron 2 state bit 4	Synapse weight bit 4
5	Input current bit 5	Neuron 2 state bit 5	Synapse weight bit 5
6	Input current bit 6	Neuron 2 state bit 6	Neuron 2 spike output
7	Input current bit 7 (MSB)	Neuron 2 state bit 7 (MSB)	Neuron 1 spike output

111 Two LIF Neurons with STDP Learning