811 LED Bitserial Cipher

811 : LED Bitserial Cipher

Design render

How it works

tt09-led-serial is a nibble-serial implementation of the LED block cipher, proposed in 2012 and defined in The LED Block Cipher by J. Guo et. al. The cipher encrypts a 64-bit block of plaintext with a 128-bit key into a 64-bit block of ciphertext. The nibble-serial implementation enables a very compact implementation as most of the datapath logic can be reused over each nibble. The downside is that such nibble-serial implementations have a much larger latency. The nibble-serial architecture shown below was presented and analyzed earlier in Differential Fault Intensity Analysis on PRESENT and LED Block Ciphers by N. F. Galathy et. al.

image

To further reduce the I/O pinout constraints, this design also serializes the data-input (64 bit plaintext and 128 bit key) as well as the data-output (64 bit ciphertext).

Activity Cycles
Load Plaintext 64
Load Key 128
Read Ciphertext 64
Encrypt 2045

The module is controlled through the bits of the input word ui_in. The serial data format is MSB to LSB. That is, given a block of plaintext 0x0123..., the bits would be shift in as in the bitstring 0b0000000100100011....

Bit Name Function
7-6 unused NA
5 start Assert to start encryption
4 getct Assert to shift out ciphertext bit
3 loadkey Assert to shift in key bit
2 loadpt Assert to shift in plaintext bit
1 keyi Key input bit
0 datai Plaintext input bit

The results are generation on the output word uo_out.

Bit Name Function
7-2 unused NA
1 done 1 indicates encryption complete
0 dataq Ciphertext output bit

LIMITATIONS

This design forces the key bits to 0 upon loading, so that the effective key value of the cipher is always hardcoded to 00000000_00000000_00000000_00000000. This disables the use of the design as a cipher, yet it still demonstrates how a nibble-serial architecture can be designed.

How to test

This block could be tested with some integration on a Raspberry PI to control ui_in and uo_out. The typical sequence of operation is as follows.

  1. Wait until done == 1, which indicates that the cipher is idle
  2. Assert loadkey, and shift in key bits. Repeat 128 times. De-assert loadkey.
  3. Assert loadpt, and shift in plaintext bits. Repeat 64 times. De-assert loadpt.
  4. Assert start for one clock cycle.
  5. Wait until done == 1.
  6. Assert getct and shift out ciphertext bits. Repeat 64 times. De-assert getct.

Here are twotthree sample test vectors. Consult the testbench for additional test vectors.

Plaintext Key Ciphertext
0000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000 3decb2a0850cdba1
0123456789abcdef 00000000000000000000000000000000 da261393c73be9ce
12153524c0895e81 00000000000000000000000000000000 29db5fe262572f4e

External hardware

You will need external hardware to use the block cipher.

IO

#InputOutputBidirectional
0ui_in[0]uo_out[0]
1ui_in[1]uo_out[1]
2ui_in[2]uo_out[2]
3ui_in[3]uo_out[3]
4ui_in[4]uo_out[4]
5ui_in[5]uo_out[5]
6ui_in[6]uo_out[6]
7ui_in[7]uo_out[7]

Chip location

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